Take this short self-quiz to test your knowledge of week’s three and four lessons on Top-Ten Archaeology Discoveries Confirming the Bible.

Take this short self-quiz to test your knowledge of the first two week’s lessons on Top-Ten Archaeology Discoveries Confirming the Bible.

Lesson 4 of 10: Ketef Hinnom Silver Amulet Scroll

What is the oldest fragment of the Old Testament? Is it contained in the Dead Sea Scrolls, which have fragments dated to 200 BC? No, geologist, Dr. Don Patton reveals that a 1979 archeological discovery that predates the Dead Sea scrolls by 400 years.

The earliest Old Testament manuscript before the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls were from A.D. 900 and later. A complete Dead Sea scroll of Isaiah was found and dated to around 200BC. That is an improvement of 1100 years. Then, in 1979 archaeologist Gabriel Barkay with 12 and 13-year-old helpers from a local club found a secret chamber when excavating a site in Jerusalem on a hill [Ketef Hinnom] where St Andrews Church is located. See map below.

(Ketef Hinnom Site in Israel)

Judy Hadley, a girl from Toledo, Ohio, walked up to Dr. Barkay with an object about the size of a cigarette in her hand. It was an amulet scroll, a rolled up piece of silver with writing engraved on the inside. Amulets were worn around the priest’s neck.

The Bible refers to engraving silver this way in Jeremiah 17:1 : “The sin of Judah is written with a pen of iron; With the point of a diamond it is engraved. On the tablet of their heart, And on the horns of your altars.” Experts took years to cautiously unroll the scrolls and now display them in the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. See photo below.

(Ketef Hinnom Scrolls on display at the Israel Museum http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ketef_hinom_scrolls.JPG)

Through innovations in photographic and computer-imaging technology, high resolution digital images were made of the scrolls, which revealed the writing below.

(Writing On the Two Amulets http://www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2010/01/06/The-Blessing-of-the-Silver-Scrolls.aspx#Article)

The scrolls were dated to 700 BC, a full 400 years before the oldest Dead Sea fragment.

Amulet 1 says in part “[...]YHW…the grea[t...who keeps] the covenant and [G]raciousness toward those who love [Him] and those who keep [His commandments...]. The Eternal? [...]. [the?] blessing more than any [sna]re and more than Evil. For redemption is in Him. For YHWH is our restorer [and] rock. May YHWH bles[s] you and keep you. [May] YHWH make [His face] shine…” ₁

This corresponds to the following Bible verses:

• Daniel 9:4 “And I prayed to the Lord my God, and made confession, and said, “O Lord, great and awesome God, who keeps His covenant and mercy with those who love Him, and with those who keep His commandments,”
• Nehemiah 1:5 And I said: “I pray, Lord God of heaven, O great and awesome God, You who keep Your covenant and mercy with those who love You and observe Your commandments,:
• Deuteronomy 7:9 “Therefore know that the Lord your God, He is God, the faithful God who keeps covenant and mercy for a thousand generations with those who love Him and keep His commandments;

Amulet 2 says in part: “[First line almost completely illegible.] May h[e]/sh[e] be blessed by Yahweh, the warrior [or “helper”] and the rebuker of [E]vil: May Yahweh bless you, keep you. May Yahweh make His face shine upon you and grant you p[ea]ce”. ₁

This corresponds to the following Bible verse: Numbers 6:24-26

²⁴ “The Lord bless you and keep you; ²⁵ The Lord make His face shine upon you, And be gracious to you; ²⁶ The Lord lift up His countenance upon you, And give you peace.”’

The last Amulet 2 contains nearly a verbatim transcript from Numbers 6, thus confirming the accuracy of the Bible. This adds to our confidence that the Bible we use is a faithful copy from the original sources.

Top-Ten Archaeology Discoveries Confirming the Bible ₁

1. Dead Sea Scrolls
2. House of David Inscription
3. Jericho
4. Ketef Hinnom Silver Amulet Scroll
5. The Crucified Man
6. Pontius Pilate Inscription
7. Hezekiah’s Tunnel
8. Caiaphas Ossuary
9. Jehu’s Tribute to Shalmaneser III
10. Palace of Sennacherib Lachish Reliefs

Read More

• Stephen Caesar, The Blessing of the Silver Scrolls Available at: http://www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2010/01/06/The-Blessing-of-the-Silver-Scrolls.aspx#Article (Jan. 10, 2013)
• Tim Kimberley, Top Ten Biblical Discoveries in Archaeology – #4 Ketef Hinnom Silver Amulet Scroll Available at: http://www.reclaimingthemind.org/blog/2010/08/top-ten-biblical-discoveries-in-archaeology-4-ketef-hinnom-silver-amulet-scroll/ (Jan. 10, 2013).

References

1. Stephen Caesar, The Blessing of the Silver Scrolls Available at: http://www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2010/01/06/The-Blessing-of-the-Silver-Scrolls.aspx#Article (Jan. 10, 2013).

Lesson 3 of 10: Jericho

Archeologist Kathleen Kenyon, who excavated Jericho in the 1950s, claimed that Jericho was destroyed in the 1500s BC so there was no walled city for Joshua to conquer in 1400 BC as reported in the Bible. Was she correct? Geologist, Dr. Don Patton refutes that conclusion using a study by archeologist Dr. Bryant Wood in the video below. (Bryant Wood himself presents his case in this longer-52 minute video here)

Ancient Jericho is located just north of the Dead Sea in Israel. See map below.

(Map of Israel and Jericho)

The site, known as Tell es-Sultan, is the second most excavated site in Israel (Jerusalem is the first) and is the world’s oldest city dating from 8000 BC. The site is an oasis due to an underground spring (water source).

(Tell es-Sultan Aerial View
http://www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2008/05/01/Did-the-Israelites-Conquer-Jericho-A-New-Look-at-the-Archaeological-Evidence.aspx )

Four major excavations have been conducted at the site: a German team in 1907-1909, John Garstang in 1930-1936, Kathleen Kenyon in 1950-1958, and an Italian team in 1997-2000. Garstang generally confirmed the accounts of the fall of Jericho in the Bible, while Kenyon refuted the biblical account. Now, Bryant Wood once again confirms the biblical account.

(Archeological Site Map)

Fortification of Jericho

Ancient Jericho was a fortress built on a large mound. At the bottom of the mound was a 12 foot high retaining wall. See diagram below. On top of the retaining wall was a 20 foot high mud brick wall. Farther up on the top of the mound was another 20 foot high mud brick wall. Behind that was the settlement. In addition, people also lived on the slope between the two mud brick walls.

(Fortification Cross Section
http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/cm/v21/n2/the-walls-of-jericho)

Part of the retaining wall has been excavated on the south side of the tell, and part of the top bud brick wall has been excavated on the north side of the tell. See excavation map above.

(Bryant Wood Standing at Retaining Wall
https://www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2009/01/jericho-does-the-evidence-disprove-or-prove-the-bible.aspx)

Fallen Walls

The biblical account in Joshua recorded in Joshua 6:20 (NKJV) states: “So the people shouted when the priests blew the trumpets. And it happened when the people heard the sound of the trumpet, and the people shouted with a great shout, that the wall fell down flat. Then the people went up into the city, every man straight before him, and they took the city.”

The Hebrew for “fell down flat” conveys that it “fell beneath itself.” There is evidence for this. The mud brick wall above the retaining wall fell down and formed a ramp over the retaining wall. Bryant Wood quotes Kathleen Kenyon’s case notes: “fallen red bricks piling nearly to the top of the revetment. These probably came from the wall on the summit of the bank [and/or] . . . the brickwork above the revetment.” ₁Therefore, she found a pile of bricks from the fallen city walls.

In addition, the Joshua passage records that “people went up into the city.” This also is confirmed by the archeological excavations. The people would have to climb the ramp formed by the fallen bricks over the retaining wall and again over the top mud ricks that would have fallen to get to the top and into the city.

Burn Layer-Destruction of City

In Joshua 6:24 (NKJV) it states that the city was burned: “But they burned the city and all that was in it with fire. Only the silver and gold, and the vessels of bronze and iron, they put into the treasury of the house of the LORD.” This is also confirmed by archeological excavations. On the southeastern side of the tell, excavated by Garstang and Kenyon, they found a three foot thick layer of burned ash and debris. Wood also quotes Kenyon:

The destruction was complete. Walls and floors were blackened or reddened by fire, and every room was filled with fallen bricks, timbers, and household utensils; in most rooms the fallen debris was heavily burnt, but the collapse of the walls of the eastern rooms seems to have taken place before they were affected by the fire.” ₁

Both Garstang and Kenyon found many storage jars full of grain, which is very unusual. Conquerors would have taken any grain for themselves, a valuable commodity for food and trade. In contrast, Joshua only allows the taking of metal for the Lord’s treasury in Joshua 6:17-18 (NKJV).

¹⁷ Now the city shall be doomed by the LORD to destruction, it and all who are in it. Only Rahab the harlot shall live, she and all who are with her in the house, because she hid the messengers that we sent. ¹⁸ And you, by all means abstain from the accursed things, lest you become accursed when you take of the accursed things, and make the camp of Israel a curse, and trouble it. 19 But all the silver and gold, and vessels of bronze and iron, are consecrated to the LORD; they shall come into the treasury of the LORD.”

The biblical account would explain the finding of storage jars full of grain. The Israelis were forbidden to take the grain.

Mud Brick Wall Left Standing – Rahab’s House

The Bible states that Rahab was spared the destruction. The German excavation of 1907-1909 at the north side of the tell found a 8 foot portion of the mud brick wall that was still standing. They also found houses built against the wall. See photo below. This is likely the place where Rahab lived. Plus, a short distance to the north are hills where the Israeli spies could have hidden as recorded in Joshua 2:16,22 (NKJV)

• ¹⁶And she said to them, “Get to the mountain, lest the pursuers meet you. Hide there three days, until the pursuers have returned. Afterward you may go your way.”
• ²² They departed and went to the mountain, and stayed there three days until the pursuers returned. The pursuers sought them all along the way, but did not find them.

(North-Side Mud Brick Wall that Did Not Collapse with Houses Attached
http://www.bible-architecture.info/Jericho.htm)

Pottery and Dating

According to Bryant Wood, Kathleen Kenyon did not study the pottery she excavated. She was looking for expensive pottery from Cyprus (common to the Late Bronze Age 1550-1400 BC) in a poor section of town. Because she couldn’t find it, she concluded that the Jericho destruction occurred much earlier (1570 BC) than the biblical date (1400 BC).

However, daily-use pottery was found with distinctive black and red paint and concentric circles inside, typical of pottery used during the 1450 – 1400 BC period. See photo below. Dr. Wood should know since he is an expert in Early Bronze Age pottery found at the Jericho site.

(Pottery Shards Decorated in Two Colors Typical of the Late Bronze Age (1400 BC
http://www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2008/05/01/Did-the-Israelites-Conquer-Jericho-A-New-Look-at-the-Archaeological-Evidence.aspx )

Therefore, Dr. Wood’s conclusion that the Jericho site is dated 1406 BC is compelling, thus confirming the biblical account, for the following reasons:

• Fallen walls (falling beneath themselves) were found forming a ramp for the Israelis to go up into the city.
• A layer of burnt debris and storage jars full of grain were found indicating that the city was burned but not plundered.
• A mud brick wall left standing with houses attached was found, which could be the location of Rahab’s house, close to hills, which could the location where the Israeli spies hid.
• Distinctive pottery known to be used during 1450-1400 BC was found.

Top-Ten Archaeology Discoveries Confirming the Bible ₁

1. Dead Sea Scrolls
2. House of David Inscription
3. Jericho
4. Ketef Hinnom Silver Amulet Scroll
5. The Crucified Man
6. Pontius Pilate Inscription
7. Hezekiah’s Tunnel
8. Caiaphas Ossuary
9. Jehu’s Tribute to Shalmaneser III
10. Assyrian Lachish Reliefs

Read More

• Bryant Wood, The Walls of Jericho. Archaeology Confirms: They Really Did Come A-tumblin’ Down Available at: http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/cm/v21/n2/the-walls-of-jericho (Jan. 9, 2013)
• Bryant Wood, Did the Israelites Conquer Jericho? A New Look at the Archaeological Evidence Available at: http://www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2008/05/did-the-israelites-conquer-jericho-a-new-look-at-the-archaeological-evidence.aspx (Jan. 9, 2013).

References

• Bryant Wood, The Walls of Jericho. Archaeology Confirms: They Really Did Come A-tumblin’ Down Available at: http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/cm/v21/n2/the-walls-of-jericho (Jan. 9, 2013)

Lesson 2 of 10: House of David Inscription

For years liberals claimed that the David in the Bible did not exist because of the lack of archeological evidence. Then, in 1993, all that changed when Israeli archaeologist, Avraham Biran discovered Tel Dan Stele (a stele is an inscribed stone).

Dan is in northern Israel. See map below.

The archeologists were excavating the gate of an ancient city when they found writing covering three of the stones holding the gate together. Thirteen lines of text were partially preserved, and the writing was ancient Aramaic, dating to the mid-800’s BC.

The stones were probably left by King Hazael of Aram-Damascus, an important regional figure in the late 800s BC. He boasts that he defeated the king of Israel and his ally, the king of the “House of David.” King Hazael of Damascus conquered the Israelite city of Dan sometime in the 840s BC. After he defeated the city, he erected this inscription in a public place to let everyone know he controlled the city. The biblical passage 2 Kings 8:28 records this event this way: “Ahaziah went with Joram son of Ahab to war against Hazael king of Aram at Ramoth Gilead. The Arameans wounded Joram;”

King Hazael of Damascus refers to the kingdom of Judah by its dynastic name, one frequently used in the Bible: the House of David. This would indicate that the family of David still were in power in Jerusalem. The inscription on the Tel Dan Stele represents the oldest textual reference to the historical King David ever discovered! As Tim Kimberley writes in Top Ten Biblical Discoveries in Archaeology – #2 House of David Inscription ₁:

The House of David inscription is significant on many levels. First, contrary to all of the ink spilled touting the silence of David and Solomon from the extra-biblical record there is now proof of a historical king of Israel named David. Second, an Aramaean king would not brag about killing a king who was the relative of a guy who led a backwoods hick town. In order for Hazael to brag about killing a king descending from the House of David, David must have been a well-known and influential king even 150 years after his death.

Due to the previous lack of archeological evidence, many liberal scholars claimed that the nation of Israel was nothing more than a backwoods hick town during the reign of David and Solomon. Those scholars claimed that the Bible grossly exaggerated the influence of those kings. With the Tel Dan Stele, we have confirmation that the accounts in the Bible are true.

Top-Ten Archaeology Discoveries Confirming the Bible ₁

1. Dead Sea Scrolls
2. House of David Inscription
3. Jericho
4. Ketef Hinnom Silver Amulet Scroll
5. The Crucified Man
6. Pontius Pilate Inscription
7. Hezekiah’s Tunnel
8. Caiaphas Ossuary
9. Jehu’s Tribute to Shalmaneser III
10. Assyrian Lachish Reliefs

References

• Tim Kimberley, Top Ten Biblical Discoveries in Archaeology Available at: http://www.reclaimingthemind.org/blog/2010/09/top-ten-biblical-discoveries-in-archaeology-2-house-of-david/ (Jan. 4, 2013), 1.

Lesson 1 of 10: Dead Sea Scrolls

The most important archeological discovery of the 20th century is in the opinion of many the Dead Sea Scrolls. Watch this video and read more….

In 1947, the same year that the United Nations voted to establish a Jewish state in Palestine, a fifteen year old Bedouin shepherd boy named Muhammed edh-Dhib and his cousin Jum’a Muhammad noticed some cave openings while shepherding some goats in the Qumran region of the Dead Sea.

Inside the caves they found some ancient scrolls stored in clay jars. This was the beginning of the discovery of what is now known as the Dead Sea Scrolls.

Eventually 972 manuscripts from 11 different caves were discovered.

They are written in Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek, and Nabataean, mostly on parchment, but with some written on papyrus and bronze.₁  Roughly 40% of the scrolls are books from the Hebrew Bible, 30% are books (such as Enoch, Jubilees, etc) that were not canonized in the Hebrew Bible and the remainder is sectarian documents about the beliefs of the group (Essenes) that copied the scrolls. There are fragments from every book of the Old Testament except Esther, and a complete copy of the book of Isaiah. (ironically, there is only one instance in the New Testament where Jesus is reading from a scroll. That scroll is Isaiah: (See Luke 4:16-20). The Dead Sea manuscripts have been dated from 300 BC to 70 AD.

For example, this is one of oldest known copies of Genesis, the fragment above contains the description of the first three days of the creation of the world: (Genesis 1:1–2) “In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. And the earth was formless and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep; And the spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters.” Today, the scrolls are housed in The Shrine of the Book, located in the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. The entire collection is also viewable online at http://dss.collections.imj.org.il/ and http://www.deadseascrolls.org.il/

What is the importance of the Dead Sea Scrolls? Until their discovery, the oldest complete Old Testament had been 900AD. A complete Dead Sea scroll of Isaiah was found and dated to around 200BC. That is an improvement of 1100 years.

“Comparing the biblical scrolls to the standard Hebrew Masoretic text has proven the remarkable precision in the copying of Scripture. In other words, the Hebrew Old Testament we read today is the same one Jesus read.”₂  Liberal criticism that the Bible we have today is an inaccurate copy of the original has been disproven by the Dead Sea Scrolls.

Top-Ten Archaeology Discoveries Confirming the Bible ₂

1. Dead Sea Scrolls
2. House of David Inscription
3. Jericho
4. Ketef Hinnom Silver Amulet Scroll
5. The Crucified Man
6. Pontius Pilate Inscription
7. Hezekiah’s Tunnel
8. Caiaphas Ossuary
9. Jehu’s Tribute to Shalmaneser III
10. Assyrian Lachish Reliefs

References

1. Wikipedia, Dead Sea Scrolls Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_Sea_Scrolls/ (Jan. 4, 2013).
2. Tim Kimberley, Top Ten Biblical Discoveries in Archaeology Available at: http://www.reclaimingthemind.org/blog/2010/10/top-ten-biblical-discoveries-in-archaeology-1-dead-sea-scrolls/ (Jan. 4, 2013), 1.
3. Wayne Stiles, Resurrecting Scripture: The Discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls in Insight’s Archaeology Handbook. Plano, TX: IFL Publishing House,

Take this short self-quiz to test your knowledge of the ninth and tenth lessons for Top-Ten Prophecies Fulfilled By Jesus.

Lesson Outline

Top-Ten Prophecies Fulfilled by Jesus

1. The exact year in history in which Messiah Jesus will be crucified
2. Jesus will be born in Bethlehem
3. Quiz 7
4. Jesus will be betrayed by 30 pieces of silver
5. Jesus’ hands and feet will be pierced
6. Quiz 8
7. Jesus will be identified with sinners
8. Jesus will pay for our sins
9. Quiz 9
10. None of Jesus’ will be bones broken
11. Quiz 10
12. Jesus will be buried in rich man’s tomb
13. Jesus’ garments will be divided
14. Jesus’ body will not decay

Lesson 10 of 10: Prophecy that Jesus’ body would not decay

In around 1000 BC David wrote Psalm 16:10 in which he predicts that Jesus’ body would not see decay. Read more:

Psalm 16:10 predicts that Jesus’ body would not decay.

Prophecy

• Psalm 16:10“because you will not abandon me to the realm of the dead, nor will you let your faithful [or holy] one see decay..”

Fulfillment:

• In Jerusalem on Pentecost, fifty days have Jesus’ crucifixion and resurrection, Peter addresses a large crowd with these words: Acts 2:29-32:
  

  ²⁹ “Fellow Israelites, I can tell you confidently that the patriarch David died and was buried, and his tomb is here to this day. ³⁰ But he was a prophet and knew that God had promised him on oath that he would place one of his descendants on his throne. ³¹ Seeing what was to come, he spoke of the resurrection of the Messiah, that he was not abandoned to the realm of the dead, nor did his body see decay. ³² God has raised this Jesus to life, and we are all witnesses of it.

• In Antioch, Pisidia (modern day Turkey), Paul addresses the synagogue with these words: Acts 13: 32-35:
  

  ³² “We tell you the good news: What God promised our ancestors ³³ he has fulfilled for us, their children, by raising up Jesus. As it is written in the second Psalm: “‘You are my son; today I have become your father.’ ³⁴ God raised him from the dead so that he will never be subject to decay. As God has said, “‘I will give you the holy and sure blessings promised to David.’³⁵ So it is also stated elsewhere: “‘You will not let your holy one see decay.’

Both Peter and Paul were aware of the Psalm 16:10 prophecy written by David in 1000 BC. Peter said that David was a prophet, and that God promised David that one of his descendants would be raised from the dead. Peter informs the crowd that he has seen Jesus risen from the dead as evidence.

Paul references three prophecies that are fulfilled by Jesus’ resurrection:

1. Psalm 2:7: “I will proclaim the LORD’s decree: He said to me, ‘You are my son; today I have become your father.’”
2. Isaiah 55:3: “Give ear and come to me; listen, that you may live. I will make an everlasting covenant with you, my faithful love promised to David.”
3. Psalm 16:10 (Discussed earlier)

Paul is telling us that God promised David that God would have a Son. This was fulfilled by Jesus. God made an everlasting covenant with David that the Holy One, Messiah, would David’s descendant. This was fulfilled by Jesus. Finally, the Holy One would not see decay, and this was also fulfilled by Jesus. Paul concludes by saying in Acts 13:38:, “Therefore, my friends, I want you to know that through Jesus the forgiveness of sins is proclaimed to you.”

Lesson Outline

Top-Ten Prophecies Fulfilled by Jesus

1. The exact year in history in which Messiah Jesus will be crucified
2. Jesus will be born in Bethlehem
3. Quiz 7
4. Jesus will be betrayed by 30 pieces of silver
5. Jesus’ hands and feet will be pierced
6. Quiz 8
7. Jesus will be identified with sinners
8. Jesus will pay for our sins
9. Quiz 9
10. None of Jesus’ will be bones broken
11. Quiz 10
12. Jesus will be buried in rich man’s tomb
13. Jesus’ garments will be divided
14. Jesus’ body will not decay

Lesson 9 of 10: Divide His Garments

In 1000 BC David wrote Psalm 22: 18 in which he predicts that Jesus’ garments would be divided. Read more…

Source: Passion of the Christ (2004)

Psalm 22: 18 predicts that Jesus’ garments would be divided.

Prophecy

• Psalm 22: 18 “They divide my clothes among them and cast lots for my garment.”

Fulfillment:

John 19:23-24:

²³ When the soldiers crucified Jesus, they took his clothes, dividing them into four shares, one for each of them, with the undergarment remaining. This garment was seamless, woven in one piece from top to bottom. ²⁴ “Let’s not tear it,” they said to one another. “Let’s decide by lot who will get it.” This happened that the scripture might be fulfilled that said, “They divided my clothes among them and cast lots for my garment.” So this is what the soldiers did.

According to Eddie Cloer, publisher of Truth for Today, in his The Seamless Tunic article₁:

Although not explicitly stated in the Scriptures, in light of the customs and culture of the times, it is reasonable to believe that Jesus arrived at Golgotha wearing five articles of clothing. His outer garments consisted of four pieces of clothing; for the scarlet robe had been removed after the final period of mockery, when the soldiers put Jesus back into the clothes He had been wearing at the time of His arrest (see Matthew 27:31). Therefore, at Golgotha, He was wearing a turban, His belt, a cloak, and sandals. His undergarment was a seamless, one-piece tunic. It has been supposed that Mary, His mother, had made the tunic for Him and had given it to Him shortly before His trials.

However, the tunic was a different matter. Being a remarkable piece, woven from top to bottom, it presented two problems to the soldiers. First, it was without seams. How could each of the four men have a share of it? They could not divide it up according to the seams, for it had none. Second, if it were cut into pieces, it would be ruined. According to John, the soldiers resolved their dilemma by agreeing to cast lots for it. In this way, whoever won the lottery would receive the entire, uncut, and unmarred tunic.

John wrote that when the soldiers looked at the seamless tunic and noticed its beauty and rarity, they said to each other, “Let us not tear it, but cast lots for it, to decide whose it shall be” (John 19:24a). After deciding how they would determine who would get the tunic, they proceeded to cast lots for it. Their casting lots was a trifle, an inconsequential deed to the soldiers. To John, it was of great significance. He saw in it an important fulfillment of an Old Testament prophecy. He declared through inspiration by the Holy Spirit that this was done “to fulfill the Scripture” (John 19:24).

References

1. Eddie Cloer, The Seamless Tunic Available at: http://www.biblecourses.com/English/downloads/pdfs/CrossLessons/043.The_Seamless_Tunic.pdf (Jan. 3, 2013), 1.

Lesson Outline

Top-Ten Prophecies Fulfilled by Jesus

1. The exact year in history in which Messiah Jesus will be crucified
2. Jesus will be born in Bethlehem
3. Quiz 7
4. Jesus will be betrayed by 30 pieces of silver
5. Jesus’ hands and feet will be pierced
6. Quiz 8
7. Jesus will be identified with sinners
8. Jesus will pay for our sins
9. Quiz 9
10. None of Jesus’ will be bones broken
11. Quiz 10
12. Jesus will be buried in rich man’s tomb
13. Jesus’ garments will be divided
14. Jesus’ body will not decay

Take this short self-quiz to test your knowledge of the seventh and eighth lessons for Top-Ten Prophecies Fulfilled By Jesus.

Lesson Outline

Top-Ten Prophecies Fulfilled by Jesus

1. The exact year in history in which Messiah Jesus will be crucified
2. Jesus will be born in Bethlehem
3. Quiz 7
4. Jesus will be betrayed by 30 pieces of silver
5. Jesus’ hands and feet will be pierced
6. Quiz 8
7. Jesus will be identified with sinners
8. Jesus will pay for our sins
9. Quiz 9
10. None of Jesus’ will be bones broken
11. Jesus will be buried in rich man’s tomb
12. Jesus’ garments will be divided
13. Jesus’ body will not decay